Chemistry Critical Minerals

[Zafer]

Please share your posts in this thread reserved for the discussion of critical minerals

The definition of critical minerals or materials vary from nation to nation; it is practically materials not widely available but made by very few suppliers. These materials are usually needed in high technology or military applications.

Particularly materials used in

• High quality magnets used in FPV drones, other small drones, electric vehicles and in missile maneuvering motors
• High quality batteries
• Super alloys

These minerals or materials maybe in various states in the supply chain

• Reserves unexplored
• Reserves known
• Ores being mined
• Ores refined to an intermediate mineral
• Minerals refined to a directly usable state (like sponge form for titanium)
• Minerals converted to ingots
• Minerals converted to alloys
• Alloys converted to blank forms used in industries, like sheets, bars, discs (like for turbine blisks), powder for additive manufacturing

A sub category of critical materials is defined as Rare Earth Minerals which consist of 17 minerals that are only mined and refined by a few nations.

China practically dominates the world market for most of these minerals.

Critical raw materials - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Rare-earth element - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

 

[Zafer]

Antimony - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Antimony is what makes soft lead bullets harder. Your 9mm bullet has 5-28 % antimony in it. A hard cast lead bullet if also heat treated can penetrate a bear's hard scull while ordinary solf bullets won't. China started sanctioning antimony starting a few months ago.

 

[Zafer]

How Much Control China Has Over the World’s Critical Minerals

China dominates the world’s critical minerals, as the largest supplier of more than half of key materials.

www.visualcapitalist.com

 

[Ripley]

How Much Control China Has Over the World’s Critical Minerals

China dominates the world’s critical minerals, as the largest supplier of more than half of key materials.

www.visualcapitalist.com

@Zafer could you please try uploading again maybe. i can’t see the image.

EDIT: Thank you. It’s back on

 

[Zafer]

The 50 Minerals Critical to U.S. Security

This graphic lists all minerals that are deemed critical to both the economic and national security of the United States.

www.visualcapitalist.com

 

[Zafer]

US and China made a verbal agreement that will suspend China's REE exports ban for a year. This ban hurts the magnet sector the most. Both civilian and military are affected. The agreement is not inked and it is yet to be seen if it will be exercised.

Meanwhile Türkiye has all the mineral reserves used in the making of these magnets and extraction efforts are underway.

 

[Zafer]

All of the 7 elements that make up strong NdFeB (Neodymium Ferro Boron) magnets occur in Türkiye

 

[Zafer]

Types of High Power Magnet (SH/UH/EH/AH Series), Permanent Magnet Factory | JINTIAN COPPER

High power magnet provided by JINTIAN, requires high anti-demagnetization ability, and its working environment has relatively high requirements on temperature. They are applied in new energy vehicles, industrial motors, etc. Welcome to ask high grade magnet price!

jtcopper.com

NdFeB magnets come in various grades. These grades show the magnet's magnetic force and heat resistance.
High power electric motors found in flying cars use a minimum of 180°C resistant magnets.

 

[Zafer]

If you have the ingredients does that mean you can make the magnets. You certainly need to learn how to make them. In Türkiye production of NdFeB magnets have been achieved at lab level several years ago. However due to lack of materials scrap magnets were ground to have the powder to be used in the production.

 

[Zafer]

Factory visit to a Chinese drone motor manufaturer, includes magnet making.

 

[Zafer]

The humble machine that turns metal into magnets given that you have the right mixture of minerals in the alloy.

 

[Zafer]

China 92% Japan 7% RW 1% share in magnetmaking

 

[Zafer]

TRT World discuss the critical mineral economy

 

[Ripley]

TRT World discusses the critical mineral economy

I really admire the optimism of the Australian panelist.

 

[Zafer]

I really admire the optimism of the Australian panelist.

A commentator of the videos says

"THE ARROGANCE OF THESE COLONIAL RACIST IS STUNNING.THEY THINK THEY CAN BULLY CHINA WITHOUT CONSIQUENCES. CHINA CONTROLS 70% OF MINING TECHNOLOGY, 96% OF PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, 98% OF PATENTS AND 100% OF PHD,S, SCIENTIST REASARCHRS IN REAR EARTH MINERALS."

Also Einar Tangen himself said "China controls 98% of the hard processing technology"

If this is true it will not be a piece of cake for anyone to crack into the refining of rare earth minerals at scale.

 

[Zafer]

Amazing facts about rare earths; the last 3 in the chart are rare earth magnets all of which are the most powerful ones. The Samarium doped ones can stand temperatures up to 700°C and are used in the motors that command missile fins.

By value 91% of the rare earths are used in magnets, amazing

Neodymium is the most carbon costly to extract

More in the video below

 

[Ripley]

A commentator of the videos says

"THE ARROGANCE OF THESE COLONIAL RACIST IS STUNNING.THEY THINK THEY CAN BULLY CHINA WITHOUT CONSIQUENCES. CHINA CONTROLS 70% OF MINING TECHNOLOGY, 96% OF PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, 98% OF PATENTS AND 100% OF PHD,S, SCIENTIST REASARCHRS IN REAR EARTH MINERALS."

Also Einar Tangen himself said "China controls 98% of the hard processing technology"

If this is true it will not be a piece of cake for anyone to crack into the refining of rare earth minerals at scale.

And again, that Australian panelist looking at the world through his rose colored glasses and saying that they will achieve stuff and deliver it shortly and cheaply!

 

[Zafer]

You maybe wishing to ride an electric car or you maybe wishing to make electric motors for your drone or wanting to erect windmills but perhaps you need to start with finding ways to get your hands on some magnets first.

 

[Zafer]

Stay tuned, coming up, what Türkiye has in the ground that is in the critical minerals list of the US (I am still working on)