Satellite images suggest China’s new tanker aircraft is under production

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Satellite images suggest China’s new tanker aircraft is under production
Feb. 18 2021
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Overhead imagery of an airfield in Xi’an-Yanliang, China shows four Y-20s with the shadows of refueling pods on their outer wings, indicating these are Y-20U tankers. (Courtesy of Planet Labs)


MELBOURNE, Australia — Satellite imagery appears to indicate China has begun serial production of a tanker aircraft based on its indigenous Xi’an Y-20 airlifter, filling a notable gap in the power projection capabilities of its air force.

The overhead imagery of the airfield at Xi’an-Yanliang — taken Dec. 30, 2020, and provided to Defense News by Planet Labs — shows four Y-20s with the shadows of refueling pods on their outer wings clearly visible, indicating that these are Y-20U tankers.
The Y-20U is a tanker variant of the Y-20 and is believed to be fitted with three refueling points, these being located on pods mounted on the outer wings and one more on the rear fuselage.

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Overhead imagery of an airfield in Xi’an-Yanliang, China, taken Dec. 30, 2020. (Courtesy of Planet Labs)

Refueling is achieved by the hose and drogue method, with a refueling basket at the end of a retractable hose where receiver aircraft with inflight refueling probes “plug” into the basket before taking on fuel.

The first Y-20U prototype made its maiden flight in 2018, and the appearance of four Y-20U suggests the flight test program is complete or has advanced sufficiently enough for serial production to begin. It is unknown whether the Y-20U will be a dedicated tanker or will retain its cargo capability of the standard Y-20 airlifter.

The four-engine-strong Y-20 and Y-20U are still, however, powered by the Russian Soloviev D-30KP-2 turbofan engines. China is developing the WS-20 high-bypass turbofan for the Y-20 family, although the engine is not expected to enter production before 2024.

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A Y-20 strategic transport plane takes flight Oct. 29, 2016, in Zhuhai, China. The Y-20 is China's first domestically developed heavy-lift transport aircraft. (Getty Images)

Three of the four aircraft in the satellite photo are painted in dark gray, while the last aircraft is still in its primer coat. One of the gray aircraft is the prototype, or test bed aircraft, while the other three are likely to be production aircraft.

The four Y-20Us are among 16 Y-20s seen throughout the airfield. Xi’an-Yanliang is where the production facilities of the Xi’an Aircraft Company, or XAC, is located, along with a number of aviation technology companies and research facilities.

It is also home to the China Flight Test Establishment, which is responsible for overseeing flight testing of new aircraft types built by Chinese companies.

 
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