TR Sensors and Detector Programs

Test7

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At the 9th Naval Systems Seminar, which was held on October 14-15, 2019, with the support of the Turkish Presidency of Defense Industries, Turkish Naval Forces, ODTÜ-BİLTİR, TSS News Group, and AFCEA-TR, at Middle East Technical University (METU) Culture and Convention Center, valuable information about the Multi-Functional Phased Array Radar (ÇAFRAD) and the Network Enabled Data Integrated (ADVENT) Combat Management System was shared with seminar participants.

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Speaking at the seminar, Turkish Naval Forces Naval Technical Commander Rear Admiral (Lower Half) Dr. Ramis AKIN shared information saying “Together with Aselsan, we have installed the system to the Tuzla Naval Electronic Warfare Test and Training Field of the Turkish Naval Research Center Command (ARMERKOM/TNRCC). We use the prototype system there. We are continuing our efforts to make the final ÇAFRAD System ready for the TF-2000 Air Defense Warfare (ADW) Destroyer as soon as possible.”

Aselsan Naval Platform Radars Project Manager Dr. Kıvanç İNAN made a presentation titled Multi-Functional Digital Radar Architecture and the ÇAFRAD Solution for Air Defense Warfare Platform on October 14th. In his speech, İNAN stated that digital radars are one of the most critical requirements of today and noted that Aselsan applies all the digital radar technologies such as electronic beam steering active antenna design and Gallium-Arsenite (GaAs) & Gallium-Nitrate (GaN) transmit/receive (T/R) modules in both ÇAFRAD and all of their new generation radars. “We have applied the Gallium-Arsenite (GaAs) in ÇAFRAD Phase-1, and we are switching to Gallium-Nitrate (GaN) in Phase-2. Thanks to our partnership with AB-MikroNano, it will be possible to localize all these Gallium-Nitrate (GaN) transmit/receive (T/R) modules in Phase-2 and on-going radar projects. When we look at digital waveform design, production, and testing, both ÇAFRAD and all of our new generation radars generate digital waveforms.”

Continuing his speech, İNAN also said: “ÇAFRAD is a Multi-Functional Phased Array Radar. What we mean with Multi-Functional is that all activities under the Air Defense Warfare (ADW) and Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW) are carried out simultaneously. In other words, ÇAFRAD can perform volume search, horizon line search, precise target tracking, fire control, target illumination, guidance data link, target classification, and coordinated Air Defense Warfare and Anti-Surface Warfare. It also provides an Inverse Synthetic Aperture (ISAR) range profile, operational support, precision approach (PAR) support to helicopters and UAVs, and Command Control (C2) support. The radar optimally performs all these activities and prioritizes these tasks with intelligent resource management planning.”

Noting that all the capabilities of ÇAFRAD are performed simultaneously, İNAN emphasized that ÇAFRAD is capable of electronically scanning the whole space not horizontally but also vertically. “It has an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) architecture. We use thousands of Transmit/Receive (T/R) modules. The acquired data is digitized and then downloaded at the Gigabit level. All the technologies used in the system, especially the ÇAFRAD Phase-1, are of domestic design. In Phase-2, many of these technologies will also be produced domestically.”

İNAN stated that the ÇAFRAD System consists of 4 radars, namely Multi-Function Radar (ÇFR), Illumination Radar (AYR), Long Range Radar (UMR) and IFF System and pointed out that the ÇFR, which has a 400-to-360 degree coverage, functions as the brain of the ÇAFRAD system at close range. “It works in X-Band and can perform all the functions such as volume search, horizon line search, air and surface targets detection, tracking and classification, multi-precision target tracking simultaneously. ÇFR has a range of 150km, and it serves as a fire control radar at close range. ÇFR consists of more than 1,000 modules which can continue to operate even if the antenna elements are damaged. When we look at the AYR, we can say that it is not a radar but an illuminator. This unit provides data link capability to the guided missiles and can illuminate multiple targets simultaneously. On the other hand, the S-Band UMR is the long-range version of the ÇFR and performs all the functions of ÇFR at long range. It can be considered as the long-range version of the ÇFR with a range of approximately 450km. In general, the UMR detects the target at long range then transmits this information to the ÇFR, which engages against it at close range. Finally, we have the non-rotating IFF antenna system with a range of more than 450km. It works together with the UMR. It supports all modes including, Mode 1, 2, 3, 4, C, S, and 5. This long-range IFF system is integrated with the long-range identifier developed by Aselsan and is currently undergoing testing.”

In his speech İNAN also informed the participants about the on-going Phase-1 tests. “In Phase-1, the scaled version of the MFR and the scaled version of the UMR and the final IFF system were produced. The project started in September 2013 and was completed as of December 2018. In this context, the system has been verified up to all sub-components in Phase-1, Phase-2 will only cover the serial production. As the system used in Phase-1 is a slightly scaled model of the final ÇAFRAD system, some of its capabilities are also reduced and scaled. In fact, the only difference is that its range is a bit shorter than the final ÇFR system. The scaled model has less processing capacity for tracking and signal processing because the software and algorithms used in the scaled model are not the final versions. Apart from that, all of the features are exactly the same as the final ÇAFRAD system. The UMR was not tested in Phase-1, because the UMR is the Naval version of the Early Warning Radar System EIRS project that is already being tested. The reason for using the container structure in ÇAFRAD Phase-1 was that we could first test the system in Gölbaşı Ankara thanks to the containers and then we placed this modular structure on the helicopter deck of the TCG Göksu Frigate. As part of the platform integration process, approximately 80 tons of testing equipment was placed on the deck of the ship, and various tests were performed with the system. Before the cruise tests, we didn't make any alterations to the ship's Combat Management System (CMS); instead, we installed a separate mini CMS on the ship. This mini CMS operated in conjunction with the ship's main CMS, and it was connected to the guided-missile infrastructure on the ship. Thus, the ÇAFRAD system operated synchronously with the whole ship. The indigenous high-speed Şimşek drone developed by TUSAŞ was used in the guided missile (RIM-162B Block 1 Evolved SeaSparrow Missile/ESSM) test performed in Sinop on December 11, 2018. During the test, ÇFR first detected and tracked the Şimşek drone then engaged it with a Guided Missile at a specified range. The ESSM guided missile successfully hit the target at the desired range, which was the longest range ever tested. We tested the system with F-16s, helicopters, naval vessels. Finally, the system was installed at Tuzla Naval Academy. The system is located in an area with intense air and sea traffic. Optimization of the system is carried out there by Aselsan with the participation of the Naval Research Center Command (ARMERKOM/TNRCC) officials. Various activities planned for ÇAFRAD Phase-2 will also be tested at Tuzla.”
 

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Underlining that they work with approximately 130 domestic companies under the ÇAFRAD Project, İNAN noted that the ÇAFRAD System could be shaped and scaled according to different platforms. In response to a question, İNAN explained that the Prototype Technology Demonstrator Mast weighs 80 tons, not the final ÇAFRAD system. “As I said, 80 tons is the weight of the whole structure. Antenna subsystems are much smaller and weigh only 2-3 tons.”

Naval Technical Commander Rear Admiral (Lower Half) Ramis AKIN and Navy Captain Cihat ERYİĞİT made a presentation about the ADVENT Combat Management System (CMS), which began development in cooperation with ARMERKOM/TNRCC and Havelsan in 2010, to meet the need of a modern Combat Management System with Network-Centered Warfare capability.

Referring to the ADVENT CMS in his presentation Rear Admiral (LH) Ramis AKIN pointed out that the 4th ship of the MILGEM Project, the TCG Kınalıada is equipped with the national ADVENT Combat Management System. “I would like to proudly announce that ADVENT CMS showed its success in defense of the blue homeland in front of the world about 3 weeks ago. There are probably 3-4 countries that can make such a command and control system in the world. The ADVENT system, which is operated by ARMERKOM/TNRCC and Havelsan under full configuration control of the Turkish Naval Forces, will also be integrated into modernized or newly built submarines with the name MÜREN and maritime patrol aircraft with the name MARTI. ADVENT CMS is planned to be the backbone of the Long Horizon Integrated Maritime Surveillance System (IMSS) Project. Thus, we will acquire sustainable Command Control (C2) capability using standard modules in all surface, underwater, air, and coastal systems with shared development, configuration, and maintenance costs.”

Navy Captain Cihat ERYİĞİT (Ph.D.), Head of the Systems Engineering Group at ARMERKOM/TNRCC, shared valuable information about past, present, and the roadmap of the ADVENT CMS in his presentation titled the Network Enabled Data Integrated (ADVENT) Combat Management System. ERYİĞİT stated that during the integration process of the GENESIS (abbreviation of Ship Integrated Combat Management System in Turkish) into the Gabya Class (G-Class) Frigates and the TCG Heybeliada and TCG Büyükada Corvettes built under the MİLGEM project, the Turkish Naval Forces Command started work on a new generation CMS due to the changes in both operational (Networked Capability, higher performance, shorter reaction time, fault tolerance and the need for Turkish language support) and technological (Programmability) needs. Therefore, the analysis studies for the New Generation CMS started in 2009, and between 2010 and 2014, Phase-I studies were started in the development process of ADVENT CMS under the protocol signed with Havelsan. ERYİĞİT emphasized that the studies on the ADVENT CMS were initiated with the signing of the MİLGEM 3rd and 4th ship contract in 2014 and stated that the ADVENT CMS is currently used in the TCG Kınalıada Corvette. Underlining that Network Enabled Data Integration is the most crucial feature of the ADVENT CMS, ERYİĞİT emphasized that the applications and the systems are no longer platform-oriented but task force oriented and Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) has been gained with ADVENT. ERYİĞİT noted that the 3rd MILGEM Corvette, the TCG Burgazada would be retrofitted with the ADVENT CMS in the near future, and the first trials on Network-Enabled Capability and Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) will be conducted in 2020 with the participation of the TCG Burgazada and the TCG Kınalıada Corvettes.

Underlining that the ADVENT system uses an open-source architecture for security reasons, ERYİĞİT pointed out that the source code is in the hands of the FNFC. Colonel ERYİĞİT stated that the national middleware software called Geniaware is used in the ADVENT CMS with the layered architecture. ERYİĞİT noted that the critical data center middleware makes all application software run independently from the hardware and operating system, enabling the application software to communicate with subsystems and operators. Emphasizing that thanks to the Integrated Tactical Data Link Capability of ADVENT CMS, the Link System can now be accessed from all operator consoles in the Combat Information Center (CIC), ERYİĞİT stated that there is no need for a separate Link Console and the CMS supports Link-11/16/22, as well as the National Tactical Data Link System. ERYİĞİT also pointed out that the wireless communication module developed under the DETTA Project will be used within the scope of the ADVENT Engagement Network. ERYİĞİT stated that the ADVENT CMS will be used in the TCG Anadolu, DİMDEG, BARBAROS MLU, TF-2000, TCG Ufuk, MİLGEM, Burak Class Corvettes (Modernization contract hasn't signed yet) and the Jinnah Class Frigates (Contract signed for ADVENT CMS) built for the Pakistan Navy.

The ADVENT CMS, which has been developed in 3 different facilities of ARMERKOM and Havelsan, is one of the most comprehensive Combat Management Systems both in Turkey and the world with approximately 550 applications and 13 million lines of code. While the ADVENT system with an Open Architecture had 3 million lines of code at the beginning of its development process, this number reached 5 million lines of code at the beginning of 2017. On March 31, 2019, the Presidency of Defense Industries made an announcement on its official Twitter page revealing that Turkish engineers wrote 6 million lines of code for ADVENT software. The GENESIS Combat Management System onboard the Gabya Class, has 3 million lines of code, while the system onboard the TCG Bayraktar (L-402) included national software consisting of 3.9 million lines of code

 

Cabatli_TR

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The news related with Turkish radars, detectors and other sensor-related projects will be discussed in this thread.
 

Test7

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P-180U and MARS-L Radar Purchase from Ukraine and TuRAF PYAS Project

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According to Ukrainian press, Ukrspetsexport (the only institution authorized by the Ukrainian Government to fulfill the export potential of Ukraine's military-industrial complex), a subsidiary of the Ukrainian state-owned defense company UkroBoronProm (UOP), delivered two P-180U and two MARS-L radars to SSTEK Defense Industry Technologies in late December 2019, under a contract worth US$11,144 million. According to the reports, the total cost of the L-Band MARS-L radar (on the Ural and KrAZ chassis) produced by NPE Aerotechnics-MLT Company is US$ 7,544 million, and the total value of the VRF-Band P-180U (P-18MA) radar (on the KrAZ chassis) is US$3,6 Million.

The mobile L-Band MARS-L is a ground-based combined PSR/SSR (Primary and Secondary Surveillance Radar) system. The combined use of primary and secondary channels considerably increases the detection range and accuracy of finding the coordinates of aerial objects. Additionally, the availability of additional aircraft information such as current altitude, remaining fuel, condition of the onboard systems, etc., together with primary radar information, significantly increases flight safety. It also reduces the likelihood of accidental targeting of civilian aircraft by air defense systems. The MBTF (mean time between failures) performance of the MARS-L, which is a mobile low altitude surveillance radar capable of providing coverage up to 110km on the PSR channel and 150km on the SSR channel, is given as 5,000 hours.

The ground-based VHF (metric band) P-180U (P-18MA) is a long-range surveillance radar which provides the radar information and flight routes of aerial objects. The solid-state P-180U is the modernized and improved version of the VHF-Band 2D (two-dimensional, provides only azimuth and range data) P-18 early warning radar developed during the Soviet Union. The system has coverage of 360km km in range and up to 35km in elevation, and thanks to its long wavelength, the P-180U radar can detect RAM coated aerial platforms with a very high percentage. The system consists of a 360-degree rotating radar antenna and a control center based on KrAz tactical vehicle chassis. It is claimed that the P-18MA/P-180U radar system, which is also used by the Ukrainian Armed Forces, could detect the F-117A Nighthawk Stealth Fighter from 61km.

There are different speculations regarding the procurement of the MARS-L and P-180U radars, which are considered to be capable of detecting stealth aircraft as they operate on the L and VHF bands, by SSTEK Defense Industry Technologies, which was established in 2016 as a 100% subsidiary of the Presidency of Defense Industries to operate in the fields of defense, aviation, space, and homeland security. Considering the number of the systems supplied, the radars may have been procured for testing/evaluation purposes in indigenous aircraft and missile projects or may have been purchased for reverse engineering or use in EHTES (P-18 radars of the Egyptian Armed Forces were upgraded to the P-180U level by the Ukrainian company).

Although the history of diplomatic relations between Turkey and Ukraine dates back 28 years, the military-technical cooperation agreement between Ukraine and Turkey, which is one of the first countries to recognize Ukraine's independence, was renewed in 2014. As part of this process, joint production decisions were made in various areas such as armored vehicles, aircraft engines, missile systems, joint radar production, navigation systems, as well as communication and space projects. Turkish and Ukrainian defense industry representatives gathered in Ankara in 2015, and a strategic cooperation agreement was signed between the two countries in the field of the defense industry in 2016. In July 2018, Turkey and Ukraine conducted the first-ever Turkey-Ukraine Defense Industry Cooperation meeting to accelerate their defense cooperation. The 7th Turkey-Ukraine Defense Industry Cooperation meeting was held at the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine in Kyiv on January 21-24, 2020.

The first activity between Turkey and Ukraine in the field of radar systems was the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed on April 8, 2016, between Havelsan and Ukroboronprom, Ukraine's state defense industry enterprise, for the joint production of the Passive Sensor System (PASİS). During the Arms and Security 2016 Fair held in Kyiv on October 11, 2016, a cooperation agreement was signed between Havelsan and Ukrinmash, a state-owned company under Ukroboronprom, for the production of passive radar systems to increase the long-range detection capabilities of Turkey and Ukraine to a range of 600 km. According to Interfax News Agency, the development of the new passive radar system will be financed by Turkey, and the emerging product will be different from the world-renowned Kolchuga passive radar (ESM System can detect up to 800km). Israel bought a new generation Kolchuga-M Passive Radar System from Ukraine in March 2018 via the company Airstom, and the system was delivered in the same year. It is considered that the Kolchuga-M Passive Radar System can be used in electronic warfare tests, training, and exercises to be carried out by the Israeli Air Force.

Turkish Air Force PYAS Project

Turkey is no stranger to passive radars; in fact, multiple projects were carried out in this field by domestic companies and institutions. Furthermore, an indigenous passive radar system was developed for the Turkish Air Force under the Passive Broadcast Detection System (PYAS) Project, which was accomplished in cooperation with TÜBİTAK BİLGEM Information Technologies Institute (BTE) Radar Systems Laboratory, Istanbul Medipol University, and Gebze University.

In the TÜBİTAK 2019 Annual Report published recently, the following information was shared regarding the latest situation in the project: "Factory Acceptance Tests (FAT) of the Passive Broadcast Detection System (PYAS) developed for the Turkish Air Force, which performs long-range target positioning and tracking via signals broadcast from air targets, have been successfully carried out." Considering this information, we can say that the PYAS FAT process was completed in 2019, and the Site Acceptance Test (SAT) process have started. Since no information regarding the delivery of PYAS to the Turkish Air Force was shared in the Annual Report, the system may be delivered within the first half of 2020 following the SAT process.

However, at the Military Radar and Border Security Summit held in Ankara on October 2-3 2018, important information about the Passive Broadcast Detection System (PYAS) developed by TÜBİTAK BİLGEM for the Turkish Air Force was shared with the participants (the first field trials were completed in 2018 at the TÜBİTAK Gebze campus). Also, it was stated that the project, which started on December 15, 2015, was planned to be completed on December 17, 2018.

The Passive Broadcast Detection System (PYAS) was developed as part of the Passive Broadcast Detection System Development Project under the TÜBİTAK Public Sector Research and Development Projects Support Program (SAVTAG 1007) to meet the needs of the Turkish Air Force Command. The project proposal was published on March 13, 2015 and was closed on May 29, 2015. PYAS is a passive broadcast detection system that can detect and track signals broadcast from air targets. The system captures broadcasts/signals (both lower and upper frequencies) of various electromagnetic energy sources on the air targets through the receivers located in different locations and finds their position in three-dimensional space. The signals in the Lower Frequency Band (960-1.216MHz) are broadcast by Mode 1, 2, 3AC, Mod-S, TDL (Link 16), and TACAN, while the Radar and RF Jammers emit signals in the upper-Frequency band (8,000-12,000MHz).

Capable of Broadband frequency scanning, PYAS also has phase-interferometry, highly accurate time synchronization, signal detection, feature extraction, signal binding, and SSR Mode-S decoding capabilities.

The PYAS system can detect the arrival time (Time Difference of Arrival/TDOA) between the lower or upper-band signals emitted by air targets and find the air targets' position in 3D space by measuring the relative delays with 4 passive receivers. Unlike other Passive Emitter Tracking (PET) systems in the market, PYAS can also find target aircraft positions using the Angle of Arrival/AOA method. It is enough for a single sensor to detect the signal, but for 3D positioning, the signal must be detected with at least 2 sensors.

The main disadvantage of passive radar systems, which are difficult to detect and deceive, is that they are signal-dependent, so if the threat does not emit a signal, the system cannot detect the target. The higher the bandwidth of the broadcast signal, i.e., the stronger, the better/longer the system's resolution and detection range. Since there are numerous disturbing effects and signals (background clutter) in the environment, target positioning and screen display in passive radars are not as clean as in standard radars, so the possibility of false alarms is much higher. To prevent this, an advanced tracking and merging algorithm was used in PYAS.

Since passive systems are very dependent on geography, the sensors must be optimally positioned in the field and perfectly synchronized with each other to maximize system performance. A special tool/software was developed to ensure that PYAS sensors can be positioned optimally in the field. Thanks to this software, which was stated to be delivered to the Turkish Air Force with the PYAS system, the operators will be able to see the areas covered by the sensors and detect blind spots on the 3D map. The special algorithm/software can calculate the most suitable geographical positions for the 3D placement of PYAS sensors and provides the optimum placement on the map.

One of the 4 sensors developed for the Turkish Air Force under the PYAS Project act as the command center, although the exterior of each looks the same, the sensor contains additional equipment. The PYAS sensor is a 5m long shelter placed on a trailer with an 8m collapsible mast and electronic cabinet. There is a radome located on top of the mast, which contains the antennas and RF signal conditioners operating in different bands (the term radome is a portmanteau of the words radar and dome). PYAS sensors are operated by two personnel. The systems communicate with each other via a radio link or, if available, with a network (there are radio link antennas on the shelter). The first field trials of PYAS were carried out in 2018 at the TÜBİTAK Gebze campus. The PYAS sensor, which acted as the command center during the field trials, was deployed to the Gebze campus (next to the MGR radar), while the other three (one was deployed to the military airport in Yalova, the other two were deployed to two different hills at different locations) were positioned 15-20 km away from the Command unit. Although the PYAS sensor was not fully completed and did not reach its final performance, the system managed to detect signals up to 90km in the first field tests conducted in a small location (distance between sensors was 5km).

In the TDOA target detection method, as the distance between the receivers/sensors increases, the system performance increases as well, and the system provides the best results when the target aircraft passes through the exact center of the sensors. Therefore, when the distance between the receivers is increased from 5km to 20km, it is considered that the system can detect signals from distances farther than 90 km. The power of the transmitters onboard the target aircraft is also another major factor that affects the target detection range. The detection range of the passive radar increases proportionally to the broadcasting power of the target aircraft. Since the radars can determine their output power, depending on the situation, they can emit low-frequency signals to lower their visibility or high-frequency signals to reach their maximum range. When a radar sends signals at the highest power, its broadcast may be detected at a distance of 300 or 500km, but if the power is low (for example, an LPI radar), it may not be heard even from a range of 50km.

To meet the needs of the Turkish Air Force, the Passive Combined Detection System Development Project was initiated as an R&D project originating from TÜBİTAK SAVTAG and Havelsan EHSİM won the tender. The contract signed between TÜBİTAK, the Ministry of National Defense (MSB/MoND), and Havelsan EHSİM came into force on August 15, 2013, and the studies on the project were then started. The project aimed to develop a Passive Combined Detection System (PBAS) that utilizes Analog FM Radio, Digital Radio (terrestrial), and Digital TV broadcasts. Although a 36-month calendar was planned for the project, unfortunately, this could not be achieved. In the 2016 Annual Report of the company, published on February 28, 2017, it was stated that the work on the PBAS Project was ongoing, and the project was aimed to be completed in 2017. According to the 2016 Annual Report, the system hardware and software development studies continued in 2016 in parallel with the data collection, recording, testing, and algorithm improvement activities in the field. As part of the project, firstly, a Passive Radar Signal Collection and Recording System (STKS) were produced, and then the system algorithms were developed by processing the data collected with this system. In this framework, STKS was integrated onto a commercial vehicle, FM and DAB band antennas were produced, antenna beamforming units and receivers were developed, and field studies were carried out with the SKTS vehicle to collect signals and data. Target analysis and tracking algorithms were developed by analyzing the collected and recorded signals in a laboratory environment. Moreover, mechanical modifications of 4 STKS vehicles scheduled to be delivered to the Air Force Command at the end of April 2017 were completed. One of the vehicles was built to operate on the FM band, and field tests were conducted in 2016 with this vehicle. Following the tests, the user (Turkish Air Force) and the customer (Ministry of National Defense) stated that the STKS met the requirements set by the authorities. To create a reliable test environment, an FM broadcast station was established and was put into operation for tests.

We believe that the Passive Radar Signal Acquisition & Recording System/Passive Compound Detection System (consists of 4 vehicles) produced by Havelsan EHSİM will operate integrated or interactively with the PYAS system developed by TÜBiTAK BİLGEM (consists of 4 shelters). When the PBAS/STKS and PYAS Systems are supported with the Electro-Optical System (EOS, actually an Infrared Search and Track [IRST] System) vehicle based on the LandRover Defender developed for HİSAR-O system, it will provide a significant capability gain to detect stealth aircraft with a low Radar Cross-Section (RCS). This capability will be further enhanced by the commissioning of an indigenous Over-the-Horizon (OTH) radar system that will operate in the VHF/UHF band. In this respect, the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between Havelsan and Ukroboronprom for the joint production of the Passive Sensor System (PASİS) is of utmost importance

 

Captain_Azeri_76

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https://www.savunmasanayist.com/aselsan-tsk-adop-2000-teslimat/


Finally:

ADOP-2000 delivery from ASELSAN to TAF

Within the scope of the ADOP-2000 Project Second Expansion Agreement, the third delivery first group activity was successfully completed at the facilities of the 2nd Main Maintenance Factory Directorate. In order to prevent the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak from causing a delay on the delivery date, a self-sacrificing work was carried out by all subcontractors, including both ASELSAN personnel and the 2nd Main Maintenance Factory Directorate, and the first group delivery process was completed without any delay due to COVID-19. Within the scope of this delivery, the ADOP-2000 system consisting of sheltered systems, armored personnel carriers and computer sets was delivered to the Land Forces Command, and the Application Environment was installed in the units delivered. Delivered systems are listed below.

• Corps Tactical Operations Center Fire Support Staff

• Brigade Tactical Operations Center Fire Support Staff

• Artillery Regiment Headquarters

• Artillery Battalion Headquarters

• Artillery Regiment Fire Management Center

• Corps Artillery Regiment Artillery Battalion Fire Management Center (With Truck)

• Brigade Artillery Battalion Maneuver Battalion Fire Support Coordination Center

• Bt./Tk. Fire Administration Center

• Battalion Heavy Mortar Team Fire Management Center

• Division Mortar Section Fire Management Center

• Mortar Commander Message Unit

• Forward Observer Message Unit

• Application Environment (Classroom)
 

Ghost soldier

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I have a question what is the difference between koral and redet II because I heard that koral is operated by Turkish air force while redet is used by Turkish land army
 

Hexciter

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This video will answer all your qeustions:
Again insufficiently informed a so called expert talking in the web!
If you look to the Aselsan’s brochure on Redet, you can see that e-attack module also present like Koral.
Redet is the abbrevation for “Radar electronic support (destek) and electronic attack (taarruz)” in Turkish.
SSB announced that new e-support modules have been supplied to the Army.
 
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S

Sinan

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Again insufficiently informed a so called expert talking in the web!
If you look to the Aselsan’s brochure on Redet, you can see that e-attack module also present like Koral.
Redet is the abbrevation for “Radar electronic support (destek) and electronic attack (taarruz)” in Turkish.
SSB announced that new e-support modules have been supplied to the Army.
Yeah, i first saw this guy when he called "MMW Radar" "Longbow Radaw"... I looked at his name and never watched another video from him again. Youtube filled with these self-claimed experts.
 
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Cabatli_TR

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Kalkan-2(120+km): Delivery commenced
STR (100+km) counter battery radar: End of 2020, beggining of 2021
Airborne AESA for drone: 2021
F-16 AESA : 2022
TF-X AESA : 2023
AIR (~250km): 2022
TEIRS(~600km): 2021
YIR(1000+km): 2023(?)
 

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