Pakistan’s rice export sector, after shipping a record six million tons worth USD 3.89 billion in FY2024, has been...
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Support the farmer, not the foreign consumer
The policy priority must change.
Instead of another port-based incentive or blanket freight subsidy, scarce public funds should be directed towards reducing the farmer’s cost of production and raising productivity.
A sea-freight subsidy may temporarily compensate exporters, but it does little to address Pakistan’s structural disadvantage. It can also increase domestic procurement prices without improving yields, quality or production efficiency.
Support should instead target certified high-yield indigenous Basmati and non-Basmati seed, water-saving irrigation, laser land levelling, mechanisation, paddy dryers, scientific storage, soil testing, extension services and internationally recognised food-safety and traceability systems.
A Rice Grower Support Voucher could provide registered farmers with discounts on certified seed, fertiliser, pesticides, laser levelling, efficient irrigation and solar-powered pumping. For small farmers, support could be transferred through verified bank or Pakistan Post accounts and linked to acreage, certified seed use and productivity improvements.
This would achieve what an export subsidy cannot: reduce production costs at their source.
Hormuz is a global challenge
The disruption around the Strait of Hormuz has added to freight, insurance, vessel availability and routing costs. Freight from Indian and Pakistani ports to Jeddah reportedly rose from around USD 500 per 20-foot container to USD 3,500, although quotations have since fallen towards USD 2,300. Jebel Ali rates have also remained elevated.
But this is not a Pakistan-specific disadvantage. Competing rice exporters face the same global shipping and insurance shock.