One point that needs a bit of clarification is the area of hypersonic missiles;
Including our Bora and Tayfun, a large number of SRBMs have a trajectory that contains a good deal of hypersonic flight. Since these missiles are ballistic or quasi ballistic missiles, they have no powered flight during their downward flight and terminal stage. They speed up under gravity (possibly to hypersonic speeds) and then after around 15000metres, as they are in denser atmospheric layers, their speed start to level off in accordance with ”terminal velocity formula” whereby the heavier and the more aerodynamic they are the higher the speed at which they hit their target. As an example a trg300 may have a 1-1.5 Mach speed, A Bora may have ~2.5 Mach, But a really heavy ICBM would have a 7 Mach speed when it hits ground.
A hypersonic missile is a missile that can fly at hypersonic speeds (+5mach) and execute multiple manoeuvres during its flight.
So missiles like Khinzal and Iskander that are classified as hypersonic may not necessarily have hypersonic speeds at their terminal stages of flight. in which case are they really hypersonic missiles?
There are 2 versions of hypersonic missiles that completely fits above definition :
HGVs : Hypersonic Glide Vehicles - These are carried to space by ballistic missiles and are released to “glide” back to earth via re-entry phase. And glide at hypersonic speeds to their targets. Russians, Chinese and U.S. are developing these.
HCMs : Hypersonic Cruise Missiles - These are missiles that are powered by an air breathing Scramjet engine to reach hypersonic speeds in atmosphere. They have scramjet propulsion until they hit their targets. Russian Zircon and Indian Brahmos-2 are good examples of these. However the 8 Mach claimed speed of zircon has not been verified, and the Indians are still developing the Brahmos-2. US and China are also in the race for hypersonic cruise missile as well as some other countries that aspire to have this weapon.
Both HGV and HCM satisfy the definition of hypersonic missiles as they have hypersonic speed all the way and they can manoeuvre.
Including our Bora and Tayfun, a large number of SRBMs have a trajectory that contains a good deal of hypersonic flight. Since these missiles are ballistic or quasi ballistic missiles, they have no powered flight during their downward flight and terminal stage. They speed up under gravity (possibly to hypersonic speeds) and then after around 15000metres, as they are in denser atmospheric layers, their speed start to level off in accordance with ”terminal velocity formula” whereby the heavier and the more aerodynamic they are the higher the speed at which they hit their target. As an example a trg300 may have a 1-1.5 Mach speed, A Bora may have ~2.5 Mach, But a really heavy ICBM would have a 7 Mach speed when it hits ground.
A hypersonic missile is a missile that can fly at hypersonic speeds (+5mach) and execute multiple manoeuvres during its flight.
So missiles like Khinzal and Iskander that are classified as hypersonic may not necessarily have hypersonic speeds at their terminal stages of flight. in which case are they really hypersonic missiles?
There are 2 versions of hypersonic missiles that completely fits above definition :
HGVs : Hypersonic Glide Vehicles - These are carried to space by ballistic missiles and are released to “glide” back to earth via re-entry phase. And glide at hypersonic speeds to their targets. Russians, Chinese and U.S. are developing these.
HCMs : Hypersonic Cruise Missiles - These are missiles that are powered by an air breathing Scramjet engine to reach hypersonic speeds in atmosphere. They have scramjet propulsion until they hit their targets. Russian Zircon and Indian Brahmos-2 are good examples of these. However the 8 Mach claimed speed of zircon has not been verified, and the Indians are still developing the Brahmos-2. US and China are also in the race for hypersonic cruise missile as well as some other countries that aspire to have this weapon.
Both HGV and HCM satisfy the definition of hypersonic missiles as they have hypersonic speed all the way and they can manoeuvre.
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