NL has tons of cheap & local gas and still isnt a manufacturing hub for the EU-MENA.
Resource curse is a real thing, where countries have become less industrialized (and more corrupt) because of their natural resources. Many countries with high natural resource discoveries developed in the exact opposite direction. Meaning less investments in industry, less income to the average citizen and less democracy.
en.wikipedia.org
I agree but that is only true when foreign nations get their hands on such resources first either through oil companies (in case of oil) or through sanctions, blackmailing or pure corruption just like in Egypt. In Egypt, there are gas reserves which Al-Sisi sold all of its profits to UK for the next 20 years during the early days of his rule so that the UK can give Al-Sisi political support and legitimacy to his presidency. Not only UK though, he even sold 2 crucial islands acting as Suez Canal gateway to obtain UAE, KSA, USA, and Israel's support
Countries, like Egypt, which are mainly underdeveloped have a lot of their resources stolen away but Turkey is different as it is quite industralised and has home grown tech
Turkey is different. Why do you think Erdogan is announcing low discoveries every now and then even though every1 knows that Sakarya gas field has over 1 trillion cubic metres of reserve? It is to avoid sanctions and other forms of foreign pressure so that he can develop it for Turkey. When the govt wanted to get their own drill fleets so that they can benefit from 100% of its resources many Western countries refused to sell to Turkey any vessels and only receded after Turkey bought its first 2 vessels from Asia (As far as I remember, you can correct me on this one)
We can go on for so long but I assure you that Current Turkey has more decent nationalists than the countries you are talking about.
A proof of that is the fact that countries like Egypt has functional gas reserves and wells for over 30 years and yet have no drill ships at all while Turkey doesnt have any functional gas wells to date yet possess a sizeable drilling fleet. If Egypt wants to drill, then they ask for EU help which then pass on harsh terms like getting 30% of the profits for the next 20 years or something. As for Turkey, the moment the Sakarya gas field was found, Turkey (in just a year) bought a massive national drilling fleet to aid it in its mission to independence