1) Apparently in the NATO Tiger Meet 2015 in a mock up fight between 8 Tuaf F-16 vs 4 French Air Force Rafale, Turkey lost 0-8 (
https://www.ptisidiastima.com/rafale-vs-turkish-f-16/). Even if you reject that I still believe that 24 isn’t that small of a number and that except the fact that Scalp and Meteor are multipliers when it comes to who wins ( especially with Meteors I really see no counter from Turkish F-16s), Rafale’s manoeuvrability will win more than 1 fight. There was an interview from the 2000s of a Greek Mirage pilot who regularly ran mock fights against Greek F-16s and said that if an experienced pilot knows how to take advantage of the instatenious turn rate advantage on the merge he will win 9 times out of 10 ( The 1 loss to account for mechanical malfunction). Again even if you want to ignore that claim as being too hyperbolic, if we accept that the Rafale is e.g 1.35x better at dogfighting purely on manoeuvrability ( again ignoring Meteor and Mica NG), that doesn’t mean that for every 1.35 Tuaf F-16s lost 1 Haf Rafale will also lose, if you use your advantage to the fullest you can win several dogfights without losing.
Oh yeah and having two engines is also a big benefit since there have been plenty of cases were a missile only damaged part of an an engine and not completely so it could still run, let alone both engines.
2)That is 100% objectively true. At least it was a couple of years ago. One of the few things that Greece needs to admire and try to imitate from Turkey is their long term willingness to fully take advantage of their weapons. Our political leadership has this trend of buying super duper ships/planes/submarines and then never buying the actual weapons and maintenance parts. At one point I read that out of 42 Mirage only 6 were flying since PM after PM had been ignoring the request for almost 15 years but fortunately Mitsotakis approved 2 years ago I think a big program with new FOS and maintenance program and pretty sure before that Tsipras approved a similar program for the F-16s. Now except the fact that Turkey lost it’s best pilots (and has apparently been hiring Pakistani Pilots), there have been a huge amount of reports from Turkish sources how most of their fleet is downed and in terrible condition