没想到，大伊万那边话音刚落，那边土耳其在TFX的研发问题上，就真的有了些大动作。这又牵涉到了TFX的定位问题了，我们前边说，TFX志不在小，人家一上来对标的就是苏-57、F-22A和歼-20，甚至这…
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"Military Second Plane" Author: Great Ivan
A few days ago, we briefly introduced the new generation of combat UAV "Kizilelma (Red Apple)" developed by Baykar Makina, a well-known private aviation company in Turkey, which is said to be owned by the son-in-law of Erdogan's Great Sultan (article link: " The Turkish version of the J-20? Combat UAV "Red Apple" completed the high-sliding test, why does it look so similar to the J-20?"). Ivan the Great questioned at the end of the article that Turkey's positioning of "Kizilelma" is a "loyal wingman" that cooperates with the fifth-generation fighter jets, but Turkey's fifth-generation fighter jet TFX has a high probability of being nothing. So what is the use of "Kizilelma" and whether there will be a matching model in the end, everything is still unclear.
Unexpectedly, as soon as the big Ivan's words fell, Turkey really made some big moves on the issue of TFX research and development. The day before yesterday local time, the Turkish Aerospace Industries Corporation (TUSAŞ) released a message saying that they "soon will show the first prototype body of TFX to the outside world". Yesterday afternoon, TUSAŞ really unveiled the prototype body of TFX at its R&D base, and at the same time announced that the prototype body is expected to be released on March 18 next year, which is the "Battle of Canakkale and Martyrs Memorial Day" in Turkey. Completed the first flight.
Although the TFX fighter prototype on display has a bare body, neither the control surface nor the engine, nor the avionics system is installed, but the Turks say that the fifth-generation aircraft will be built as the fifth-generation aircraft, which is really surprising. South Korea on the other side of the mainland is comparable to the crouching dragon and phoenix in the field of "new machine-making forces" of the fifth-generation machine.
At the same time, at least from what we know and see so far, TUSAŞ’s positioning for TFX and some of the designs of TFX are even more imaginative than the Korean KF-21 fighter, and more like a serious aircraft. The fifth generation fighter:
Let's talk about the overall design and magnitude of the fighter. We all know that the KF-21 fighter produced by South Korea's KAI uses the F-414-GE400K engine manufactured by General Electric. This is a fourth-generation medium-thrust turbofan engine, which also determines the overall technical positioning of the KF-21 fighter as a medium-sized fifth-generation fighter. Turkey’s TFX is obviously much more ambitious. In fact, when TFX approached Sweden’s SAAB for technical consultation in the early days, SAAB once suggested that TUSAŞ build a medium-sized fighter jet, and the three technical solutions they came up with later also used Rolls-Royces. The company's EJ-200 advanced intermediate push or F-414 series.
But yesterday, according to the size of the body exhibited by TUSAŞ and the information released by TUSAŞ, TFX is not a medium-sized fighter, but a heavy-duty fighter with technical positioning similar to F-22A and J-20. The engine scheduled to be assembled is the F-110 series, and it is even planned to be equipped with a new generation of high-thrust turbofan engine developed by Turkey itself in the future. It can be clearly seen from this that Turkey has a very high technical positioning for TFX, and its expectations are also very high.
As for the aerodynamic design of fighter jets, we all know that South Korea’s KF-21 sought design consultation from Lockheed Martin, so the final technical configuration is a relatively conservative fighter similar to F-22A configuration. Whether it is its diamond-shaped nose, or its Garrett air inlet, or its rear fuselage and narrow engine compartment design, there is a slight shadow of F-22A, which basically defines the KF The upper limit of aerodynamic performance that the -21 fighter can achieve.
The TFX obviously has the feeling of TUSAŞ's "self-reliance" and brainstorming. Its front fuselage section, including the wing-body fusion and the Garrett inlet design, have some F-22A shadows. It can be seen from the design details of its cockpit, wing airfoil, wide engine spacing, vertical tail installed on double tail braces, etc., but it has some Su-57 fighter flavor. Especially its cockpit cover looks exactly like the Su-57. But TUSAŞ managed to get the integral canopy similar to J-20 and F-35A, which is better than the ancient sliding canopy of Su-57.
Let’s not talk about how the TFX configuration finally determined by Turkey came about, and it is not clear who TUSAŞ asked for this aerodynamic configuration when there are not many wind tunnels available, let alone this configuration How effective is the practice. But at least it can be seen that the Turks obviously have much more thoughts on the aerodynamic design of the fifth-generation fighter than the Koreans.
Finally, some design and manufacturing details of TFX also look very interesting. For example, the surface treatment of the aircraft's body, let's visually inspect, just visually inspect, Big Ivan thinks it should exceed the level of the Su-57 fighter prototype. At the same time, zigzag treatment is also used at some skin seams, which can maximize the divergence of radar waves irradiated to the seams and improve the overall low detectability of the fighter. This is in stark contrast to the almost no zigzag treatment at the seams of the Su-57 fighter jet body, and also in sharp contrast to the rough seams of the KF-21 skin, and the "Kizilelma" produced by private companies is even more It's not the same, as expected, the national team is stronger.
In addition, with the appearance of TFX, Big Ivan thinks it should have a serious belly bomb bay, but there is no sign of the existence of side bomb bays yet. But even so, compared to the semi-disabled KF-21 in the current state of technology, the overall design of TFX is more like a serious fifth-generation aircraft.
Speaking of this, many people may think that Turkey is really going to stand up today, and TFX will soon punch the Su-57, kick the F-22, and surpass the J-20? Well, it’s strange, Big Ivan thinks that although TFX has a higher positioning than KF-21, and its performance is better than KF-21, but it’s really hard to say which of the two “new machine-building forces” will end up the best in the end, let’s say Back to this TFX in Turkey.
The news about the TFX plan that Big Ivan found so far was probably in 2010, but there has been no movement for a long time since the plan started. Until 2020, TUSAŞ said that it had set up a new research and development base for TFX, and also "scheduled" to build supporting wind tunnel facilities. Detailed design and component trial production stage. It was only at the end of the day that I thought of building a wind tunnel facility, which means that the design configuration of this TFX has either not been blown by the wind, or, like the KF-21, it was entrusted to a foreign company (such as SAAB) to design and blow it, Turkey Just got the design result. If it's the latter, it's better, but the upper limit of performance is limited. If it's the former, it's basically a pill. After all, there is no design aircraft in the world that is built first and then blows holes.
This is not to mention, for Turkey, TFX is more troublesome still behind, avionics fire control, aero engine do not know where:
Let's talk about the avionics fire control system first. In the development of the KF-21 fighter jet, South Korea adopted the principle of "walking on two legs" in the avionics fire control system, using both "bringing doctrine" and "self-reliance". For example, the phased array radar was developed by Hanwha, and the helmet display was handed over to Israel’s Elbit Company, and then South Korea also secretly learned some things, not to mention other things, at least it can guarantee the first use of the KF-21 fighter jet. I'll talk about the super version later.
It's hard to say about TFX. The current level of research and development of Turkey's avionics fire control system obviously cannot support such a big plan for the fifth-generation fighter. The only way is to adopt "bringing doctrine" and rely on foreign technical power to fill in the holes for TFX. However, the technical power of the United States must not be relied on now, and it is not clear whether the technical power of Europe can be relied on. mutator number.
The problem with aero engines is the same. The United States is currently only willing to provide 6 F-110-GE129s for use as prototype flight tests. Since Turkey itself has a huge F-16C/D Block40 fleet, it is estimated that it also reserves a batch of spare F-110s. But it is clear that if TFX wants to achieve its design performance and mass production, it is not enough to rely on these six units plus the reserve F-110. It is necessary to get the fourth generation, at least to get a large thrust that can be stably provided. Aircraft engines do.
Obviously, the United States will not provide Turkey with the F-135, and Europe has not made a big push at all, so Turkey's current plan is to simply develop its own engine. In other words, TUSAŞ does not know the technical difficulty of developing advanced high-thrust aero-engines. Whether it is China, Russia or the United States, almost all of them have spent 20 or even 30 years on their third-generation aeroengines before reaching the performance level. To the extent that people are satisfied, if Turkey starts to develop the third-generation aviation engine now, can it be done in 20 years?
Of course, if Turkey really wants to engage in TFX, there is actually another person to turn to, yes, Russia. Russia has sufficient accumulation in the avionics fire control system, and has a deeper accumulation in the field of aero-engines. It is fully confident to provide Turkey with a complete set of technical solutions to ensure that TUSAŞ's TFX can fly and fight. But this also involves the positioning of TFX. We said earlier that TFX’s ambitions are not small. When they first came up, the targets were Su-57, F-22A and J-20. Even this looks a bit like Su-57. It is not certain that the performance of the full version will be similar to the Su-57.
So here comes the problem. From the perspective of positioning, the positioning of TFX and Su-57 overlap. From the perspective of performance, maybe TFX is close to the performance of Su-57 under ideal conditions. So, why does Russia help Turkey manufacture such a fifth-generation fighter that may become its own combat opponent, and more importantly, may compete with itself for market share in the Middle East? Because Sultan Erdogan and Putin are good CPs, have they watched the Su-57 and eaten ice cream together at the Moscow Air Show?
So in general, Ivan the Great thinks that for Turkey TUSAŞ, the biggest problem with the TFX that it created is ten thousand and ten thousand, twelve words: unclear positioning, too large span, high-sightedness and low-handedness, With the strength of Turkey's aviation industry, from the assembly of F-16 to self-developed heavy-duty fifth-generation aircraft, the technical span is comparable to a natural moat. At the same time, Turkey seems to have no idea about the technical difficulties it will face in the development of the fifth-generation aircraft. This is a typical example of high-mindedness. In the end, Turkey insisted on developing a fifth-generation heavy-duty aircraft. It never thought why it wanted a fifth-generation heavy-duty aircraft. Can the technical problems brought by the fifth-generation heavy-duty aircraft be solved? Can the fifth-generation heavy-duty aircraft seize the international market share? Very unsophisticated feeling.
Therefore, Big Ivan feels that although TFX is much better than KF-21 on paper, it is really hard to say which one will end up better for these two aircrafts. Things, let's just wait and see.
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