Ah, I see your points.
Regarding Indonesian defense white book (or white paper), as far as I know the latest release was in 2015. There was no direct mention of any specific country as possible threat which - from my own perspective - was due to our "habit" (if you can call it that way) of "playing both sides" or putting each foot on one side. However, while it's not as encompassing as a white book, there's clearly a recognition of a certain country that is now being considered as having more potential to threaten Indonesia's sovereignty by direct action. This was shown in the document during the Indonesian Armed Forces officers training course a couple of years back.
A White Book actually never states or names a potential enemy - but simply forces and its branches equipment that could pose a threat. E.g. PLA, PLAF, PLAN, USN. USAF etc. basically the same reference but diplomatically a huge difference towards stating e.g. China or USA.
Due to the nature of the country's geography, the heavy stuffs like army's MBTs and howitzers are usually stationed in certain islands where invasions will likely to happen. This is also a weakness, I presume, because it basically tied each of those units to where they are stationed and turned them as a defensive forces with limited mobility.
Unlike Germany or most other countries your archipelago consists of thousands of islands - which individually (wherever the threat occurs) can only be supported, reinforced via ship or air. Indonesia doesn't have the economy to actually span an encompassing fixed defense throughout it's territory.
As such a White Book recognizes/acknowledges this and develops an according defense plan.
E.g. standard territorial units are stationed with light weapons on strategic islands or possible zones of conflict. In order to support a zone of conflict a rapid deployment force needs to be set up - e.g. 3-5 brigades - since these need to be moved "rapidly" via air they can only be armed with light weapons and heavy support assets via ship can only be brought into a zone of conflict if the navy or air-force can ensure their safety - being in control of these mediums.
Otherwise as you know a Leo2 company and heavy artillery assets stationed in e.g. Surabaya are meaningless if the zone of conflict turns out to be e.g. Batam Island or Northern Kalimantan.
And again a White Book would outline such possibilities and develop an Armed Forces Structure able to react onto such scenarios. Which IMO would exclude spending a large budget towards heavy weapons but concentrate towards a light and highly weaponized rapid deployment force.
This is why starting from the last decade or so, the procurement portions for the Navy and Air Force have gradually increased - dramatically so in the last few years.
And they need to be increased far more - especially towards the Air-force - instead of "wasting/diverting" precious resources onto MBT's or heavy barreled artillery.
Anyway, sorry for being curious. As a German living in China, how do you see the Chinese populace's perspective regarding the issues specifically in relation to the standoff in the North Natuna Sea? Yes, I know that China has protested our decision to change the name of the location, and also yes, that I have some preconception regarding the answer to the question, but I still like to know from someone who still live there.
Chinese populace: very peaceful and hard working people foremost interested in making $, so that one day they can buy a Mercedes or a second home.
Chinese government: overanxious in regards to securing their zone of defense, resources and as such securing their population. Which in turn makes it easy for the USA to point them out as being supposedly aggressive. Personally I am not in favor as to how the Chinese government bullies around a peaceful neighbor like the Philippines. However Beijing does not see or regard the Philippines as an enemy or target) intimidating Manila is actually Beijing's (IMO questionable approach) to get Manila out of the USA influence and to convince them that it would be far more in their interest to align or cooperate with China.
Indonesia as any other country (including e.g. Germany) will never have the sole ability to militarily safeguard it's territory towards a Superpower or an aggressive neighbor with a comparable economic strength. (not even to mention towards an alliance of such neighbors). So Germany (more or less no big choice in that matter) opted for NATO.
As for S.E.A. it's way beyond time to finally make up their minds as to setting up an individual - neutral - defense pact, or an alliance loose or more devoted towards the USA or China. Human nature or fact of life is that the stronger partner will always make sure that he gets a better deal for himself - strategic outposts, influencing it's allies or securing a larger portion of resources.
So e.g. Indonesia needs to decide what kind of alliance gives/provides them the better package overall.
IMO it's China, because they want to trade and as such provide means for an ally or friendly nation to increase it's GDP - logically the more $ your partner can spend the better for China's own economy.
China's main policy is not the occupation of other nations, or stealing their resources but to push out US political dominance in Asia.